Commercialization--Increasing or Decreasing?

Explosive evolutionary radiations: decreasing speciation or increasing extinction through time?

A common pattern in time-calibrated molecular phylogenies is a signal of rapid diversification early in the history of a radiation. Because the net rate of diversification is the difference between speciation and extinction rates, such "explosive-early" diversification could result either from temporally declining speciation rates or from increasing extinction rates through time. Distinguishing...

Is Disease Increasing or Decreasing, and Does It Impact or Maintain Biodiversity?

,\KSTRI\CT: Disease is a growing concern in conservation biology. Alteration to habitats can favor intermediate ho.sts such as mosquitoes. Stress may increasc susceptibility to infectious diseasc. Alterations to trophic cascades can indirectly favor the cmergence of diseases on Ihose spccies tiwi increase in abundance. Most notably. pathogen pollution. by introduced species. can expose hosts to...

Increasing Fundraising Success by Decreasing Donor Choice∗

Suggested contributions, membership categories, and discrete, incremental thank-you gifts are devices often used by benevolent associations that provide public goods. Such devices focus donations into discrete levels, thereby effectively limiting the donors’ freedom to give. We study the effects on overall donations of the tradeoff between rigid schemes that severely restrict the choices of con...

Partitioning Permutations into Increasing and Decreasing Subsequences

Increasing and Decreasing Subsequences and Their Variants

We survey the theory of increasing and decreasing subsequences of permutations. Enumeration problems in this area are closely related to the RSK algorithm. The asymptotic behavior of the expected value of the length is(w) of the longest increasing subsequence of a permutation w of 1, 2, . . . , n was obtained by Vershik-Kerov and (almost) by Logan-Shepp. The entire limiting distribution of is(w...